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United States, were to have been transferred to Secretary of the Treasury by 1973 Reorg. Plan No. 2, Sec. 2, eff. July 1, 1973, 38 F.R. 15932, 87 Stat. 1091, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. The transfer was negated by section 1(a)(1), (b) of Pub. L. 93-253, Mar. 16, 1974, 88 Stat. 50, which repealed section 2 of 1973 Reorg. Plan No. 2, eff. July 1, 1973. ABOLITION OF IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE AND TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS For abolition of Immigration and Naturalization Service, transfer of functions, and treatment of related references, see note set out under section 1551 of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality. -SECREF- SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 982, 1961, 2516 of this title; title 8 sections 1101, 1227, 1324a. -FOOTNOTE- (!1) See References in Text note below. -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1547 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 75 - PASSPORTS AND VISAS -HEAD- Sec. 1547. Alternative imprisonment maximum for certain offenses -STATUTE- Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the maximum term of imprisonment that may be imposed for an offense under this chapter (other than an offense under section 1545) - (1) if committed to facilitate a drug trafficking crime (as defined in 929(a)) is 15 years; and (2) if committed to facilitate an act of international terrorism (as defined in section 2331) is 20 years. -SOURCE- (Added Pub. L. 103-322, title XIII, Sec. 130009(a)(6), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2030.) -End- -CITE- 18 USC CHAPTER 77 - PEONAGE, SLAVERY, AND TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 77 - PEONAGE, SLAVERY, AND TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS -HEAD- CHAPTER 77 - PEONAGE, SLAVERY, AND TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS -MISC1- Sec. 1581. Peonage; obstructing enforcement. 1582. Vessels for slave trade. 1583. Enticement into slavery. 1584. Sale into involuntary servitude. 1585. Seizure, detention, transportation or sale of slaves. 1586. Service on vessels in slave trade. 1587. Possession of slaves aboard vessel. 1588. Transportation of slaves from United States. 1589. Forced labor. 1590. Trafficking with respect to peonage, slavery, involuntary servitude, or forced labor. 1591. Sex trafficking of children or by force, fraud, or coercion. 1592. Unlawful conduct with respect to documents in furtherance of trafficking, peonage, slavery, involuntary servitude, or forced labor. 1593. Mandatory restitution. 1594. General provisions. 1595. Civil remedy. HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES It was felt that further revision of this chapter should be considered at an opportune time for the same reasons stated with respect to chapter 81, "Piracy and Privateering". AMENDMENTS 2003 - Pub. L. 108-193, Secs. 4(a)(4)(B), 5(c)(1), Dec. 19, 2003, 117 Stat. 2878, 2879, substituted "PEONAGE, SLAVERY, AND TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS" for "PEONAGE AND SLAVERY" as chapter heading and added item 1595. 2000 - Pub. L. 106-386, div. A, Sec. 112(a)(3), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1489, added items 1589 to 1594. 1949 - Act May 24, 1949, ch. 139, Sec. 36, 63 Stat. 95, substituted a semicolon for comma after "Peonage" in item 1581. -SECREF- CHAPTER REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This chapter is referred to in title 42 section 14135a. -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1581 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 77 - PEONAGE, SLAVERY, AND TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS -HEAD- Sec. 1581. Peonage; obstructing enforcement -STATUTE- (a) Whoever holds or returns any person to a condition of peonage, or arrests any person with the intent of placing him in or returning him to a condition of peonage, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. If death results from the violation of this section, or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both. (b) Whoever obstructs, or attempts to obstruct, or in any way interferes with or prevents the enforcement of this section, shall be liable to the penalties prescribed in subsection (a). -SOURCE- (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 772; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(K), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147; Pub. L. 104-208, div. C, title II, Sec. 218(a), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009-573; Pub. L. 106-386, div. A, Sec. 112(a)(1), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1486.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Secs. 444, 445 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, Secs. 269, 270, 35 Stat. 1142). Section consolidates sections 444 and 445 of said title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., with changes in phraseology to amplify and clarify their provisions. Reference to persons causing or procuring was omitted as unnecessary in view of definition of "principal" in section 2 of this title. AMENDMENTS 2000 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106-386 substituted "20 years" for "10 years" and inserted at end "If death results from the violation of this section, or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both." 1996 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104-208 substituted "10 years" for "five years". 1994 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $5,000". EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1996 AMENDMENT Section 218(d) of div. C of Pub. L. 104-208 provided that: "This section [amending this section and sections 1583, 1584, and 1588 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 994 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure] and the amendments made by this section shall apply with respect to offenses occurring on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 30, 1996]." -SECREF- SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 1592, 1594, 1961 of this title; title 8 section 1101; title 22 section 7103. -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1582 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 77 - PEONAGE, SLAVERY, AND TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS -HEAD- Sec. 1582. Vessels for slave trade -STATUTE- Whoever, whether as master, factor, or owner, builds, fits out, equips, loads, or otherwise prepares or sends away any vessel, in any port or place within the United States, or causes such vessel to sail from any such port or place, for the purpose of procuring any person from any foreign kingdom or country to be transported and held, sold, or otherwise disposed of as a slave, or held to service or labor, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than seven years, or both. -SOURCE- (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 772; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(K), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Sec. 424 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, Sec. 249, 35 Stat. 1139). Words "within the United States" were substituted for "within the jurisdiction of the United States". See section 5 of this title defining "United States". Provision for division of the fine and its recovery by private person was omitted. (See reviser's note under section 1585 of this title.) Mandatory-punishment provisions were rephrased in the alternative. Minor changes were made in phraseology. AMENDMENTS 1994 - Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $5,000". -SECREF- SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in section 1961 of this title; title 8 section 1101. -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1583 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 77 - PEONAGE, SLAVERY, AND TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS -HEAD- Sec. 1583. Enticement into slavery -STATUTE- Whoever kidnaps or carries away any other person, with the intent that such other person be sold into involuntary servitude, or held as a slave; or Whoever entices, persuades, or induces any other person to go on board any vessel or to any other place with the intent that he may be made or held as a slave, or sent out of the country to be so made or held - Shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. If death results from the violation of this section, or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both. -SOURCE- (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 772; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(K), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147; Pub. L. 104-208, div. C, title II, Sec. 218(a), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009-573; Pub. L. 106-386, div. A, Sec. 112(a)(1), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1486.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Sec. 443 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, Sec. 268, 35 Stat. 1141). Reference to persons causing or procuring was omitted as unnecessary in view of definition of "principal" in section 2 of this title. Minor changes were made in paragraphing of section. AMENDMENTS 2000 - Pub. L. 106-386, in last par., substituted "20 years" for "10 years" and inserted at end "If death results from the violation of this section, or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both." 1996 - Pub. L. 104-208 substituted "10 years" for "five years" in last par. 1994 - Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $5,000" in last par. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1996 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 104-208 applicable with respect to offenses occurring on or after Sept. 30, 1996, see section 218(d) of Pub. L. 104-208, set out as a note under section 1581 of this title. -SECREF- SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 1592, 1594, 1961 of this title; title 8 section 1101; title 22 section 7103. -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1584 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 77 - PEONAGE, SLAVERY, AND TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS -HEAD- Sec. 1584. Sale into involuntary servitude -STATUTE- Whoever knowingly and willfully holds to involuntary servitude or sells into any condition of involuntary servitude, any other person for any term, or brings within the United States any person so held, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. If death results from the violation of this section, or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both. -SOURCE- (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 773; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(K), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147; Pub. L. 104-208, div. C, title II, Sec. 218(a), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009-573; Pub. L. 106-386, div. A, Sec. 112(a)(1), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1486.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Secs. 423, 446 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, Secs. 248, 271, 35 Stat. 1139, 1142). Sections consolidated with changes of phraseology necessary to effect consolidation. Reference to persons causing or procuring was omitted as unnecessary in view of definition of "principal" in section 2 of this title. Provisions as to holding of kidnapped persons were omitted as superseded by section 1201 of this title and original text relating to sale or holding to involuntary servitude retained. Words "within the United States" were substituted for "within the jurisdiction of the United States". (See section 5 of this title defining "United States".) The punishment provisions were derived from section 446 of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., as more consistent with other sections of this chapter. The requirement of section 423 of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., for payment of one-half the fine "for the use of the person prosecuting the indictment to effect" was omitted as meaningless. (See also reviser's note under section 1585 of this title.) Mandatory-punishment provisions were rephrased in the alternative. Minor changes were made in phraseology. AMENDMENTS 2000 - Pub. L. 106-386 substituted "20 years" for "10 years" and inserted at end "If death results from the violation of this section, or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both." 1996 - Pub. L. 104-208 substituted "10 years" for "five years". 1994 - Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $5,000". EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1996 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 104-208 applicable with respect to offenses occurring on or after Sept. 30, 1996, see section 218(d) of Pub. L. 104-208, set out as a note under section 1581 of this title. -SECREF- SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 1592, 1594, 1961 of this title; title 8 section 1101; title 22 sections 7101, 7103. -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1585 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 77 - PEONAGE, SLAVERY, AND TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS -HEAD- Sec. 1585. Seizure, detention, transportation or sale of slaves -STATUTE- Whoever, being a citizen or resident of the United States and a member of the crew or ship's company of any foreign vessel engaged in the slave trade, or whoever, being of the crew or ship's company of any vessel owned in whole or in part, or navigated for, or in behalf of, any citizen of the United States, lands from such vessel, and on any foreign shore seizes any person with intent to make that person a slave, or decoys, or forcibly brings, carries, receives, confines, detains or transports any person as a slave on board such vessel, or, on board such vessel, offers or attempts to sell any such person as a slave, or on the high seas or anywhere on tide water, transfers or delivers to any other vessel any such person with intent to make such person a slave, or lands or delivers on shore from such vessel any person with intent to sell, or having previously sold, such person as a slave, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than seven years, or both. -SOURCE- (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 773; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(K), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Secs. 421, 422, 425 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, Secs. 246, 247, 250, 35 Stat. 1138, 1139). Section consolidates and restores three basic sections (act May 25, 1820, ch. 113, Secs. 4, 5, 3 Stat. 600, 601; act Apr. 20, 1818, ch. 91, Sec. 4, 3 Stat. 451). As reenacted in the Revised Statutes, such sections were extended and broadened beyond such basic acts. The language at the beginning, "being a citizen or resident of the United States", was inserted from said section 425 of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., as enacted originally. While the basic provisions of said sections 421 and 422 are thus broadened, their application as enacted in the 1909 Criminal Code is narrowed. Designation in said section 421 of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., of offender as a "pirate" was omitted as unnecessary. The punishment provision of section 1582 of this title (incorporated by reference in said section 425) has been adopted as consistent with other slave-trade statutes rather than the life-imprisonment penalty contained in said sections 421 and 422 of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed. However, the requirement in section 1582 of this title that one-half the fine be for the "use of the person prosecuting the indictment to effect" was omitted as meaningless. Mandatory-punishment provisions were rephrased in the alternative. AMENDMENTS 1994 - Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $5,000". -SECREF- SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in section 1961 of this title; title 8 section 1101. -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1586

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