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500 of title 39". EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1970 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 91-375 effective within 1 year after Aug. 12, 1970, on date established therefor by Board of Governors of United States Postal Service and published by it in Federal Register, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91-375, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of Title 39, Postal Service. STUDY OF PRIVATE CARRIAGE OF MAIL; REPORTS TO PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS Congressional findings of need for study and reevaluation of restrictions on private carriage of letters and packets contained in this section and submission by United States Postal Service of reports to President and Congress for modernization of law, regulations, and administrative practices, see section 7 of Pub. L. 91-375, set out as a note under section 601 of Title 39, Postal Service. -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1697 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 83 - POSTAL SERVICE -HEAD- Sec. 1697. Transportation of persons acting as private express -STATUTE- Whoever, having charge or control of any conveyance operating by land, air, or water, knowingly conveys or knowingly permits the conveyance of any person acting or employed as a private express for the conveyance of letters or packets, and actually in possession of the same for the purpose of conveying them contrary to law, shall be fined under this title. -SOURCE- (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 777; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(C), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2146.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Sec. 305 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, Sec. 182, 35 Stat. 1124). Same changes were made as in section 1694 of this title. AMENDMENTS 1994 - Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $150". -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1698 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 83 - POSTAL SERVICE -HEAD- Sec. 1698. Prompt delivery of mail from vessel -STATUTE- Whoever, having charge or control of any vessel passing between ports or places in the United States, and arriving at any such port or place where there is a post office, fails to deliver to the postmaster or at the post office, within three hours after his arrival, if in the daytime, and if at night, within two hours after the next sunrise, all letters and packages brought by him or within his power or control and not relating to the cargo, addressed to or destined for such port or place, shall be fined under this title. -SOURCE- (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 777; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Secs. 330004(10), 330016(1)(C), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2141, 2146.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed. Sec. 323 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, Sec. 200, 35 Stat. 1126). Changes were made in phraseology. AMENDMENTS 1994 - Pub. L. 103-322, Sec. 330016(1)(C), substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $150". Pub. L. 103-322, Sec. 330004(10), struck out second par. which read as follows: "For each letter or package so delivered he shall receive two cents unless the same is carried under contract." -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1699 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 83 - POSTAL SERVICE -HEAD- Sec. 1699. Certification of delivery from vessel -STATUTE- No vessel arriving within a port or collection district of the United States shall be allowed to make entry or break bulk until all letters on board are delivered to the nearest post office, except where waybilled for discharge at other ports in the United States at which the vessel is scheduled to call and the Postal Service does not determine that unreasonable delay in the mails will occur, and the master or other person having charge or control thereof has signed and sworn to the following declaration before the collector or other proper customs officer: I, A. B., master ___, of the ___, arriving from ___, and now lying in the port of ___, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I have to the best of my knowledge and belief delivered to the post office at ___ every letter and every bag, packet, or parcel of letters on board the said vessel during her last voyage, or in my possession or under my power or control, except where waybilled for discharge at other ports in the United States at which the said vessel is scheduled to call and which the Postal Service has not determined will be unreasonably delayed by remaining on board the said vessel for delivery at such ports. Whoever, being the master or other person having charge or control of such vessel, breaks bulk before he has arranged for such delivery or onward carriage, shall be fined under this title. -SOURCE- (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 777; July 3, 1952, ch. 553, 66 Stat. 325; Pub. L. 91-375, Sec. 6(j)(15), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 778; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(B), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2146.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Sec. 327 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, Sec. 204, 35 Stat. 1127). Minor changes were made in phraseology. AMENDMENTS 1994 - Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $100" in last par. 1970 - Pub. L. 91-375 substituted "Postal Service" for "Postmaster General" in two places. 1952 - Act July 3, 1952, provided for only the unloading of mail from a vessel as can be expedited by discharge at such port. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1970 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 91-375 effective within 1 year after Aug. 12, 1970, on date established therefor by Board of Governors of United States Postal Service and published by it in Federal Register, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91-375, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of Title 39, Postal Service. -TRANS- TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS Offices of collector of customs, comptroller of customs, surveyor of customs, and appraiser of merchandise in Bureau of Customs of Department of the Treasury to which appointments were required to be made by President with advice and consent of Senate were ordered abolished, with such offices to be terminated not later than Dec. 31, 1966, by Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1965, eff. May 25, 1965, 30 F.R. 7035, 79 Stat. 1317, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. Functions of offices eliminated were already vested in Secretary of the Treasury by Reorg. Plan No. 26 of 1950, eff. July 31, 1950, 15 F.R. 4935, 64 Stat. 1280, set out in the Appendix to Title 5. -SECREF- SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in title 39 section 602. -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1700 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 83 - POSTAL SERVICE -HEAD- Sec. 1700. Desertion of mails -STATUTE- Whoever, having taken charge of any mail, voluntarily quits or deserts the same before he has delivered it into the post office at the termination of the route, or to some known mail carrier, messenger, agent, or other employee in the Postal Service authorized to receive the same, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. -SOURCE- (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 778; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(G), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Sec. 322 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, Sec. 199, 35 Stat. 1126). Minor changes were made in phraseology. AMENDMENTS 1994 - Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $500". -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1701 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 83 - POSTAL SERVICE -HEAD- Sec. 1701. Obstruction of mails generally -STATUTE- Whoever knowingly and willfully obstructs or retards the passage of the mail, or any carrier or conveyance carrying the mail, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than six months, or both. -SOURCE- (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 778; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(B), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2146.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Secs. 324, 325 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, Secs. 201, 202, 35 Stat. 1127). Sections 324 and 325 of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., were consolidated with changes of phraseology necessary to effect consolidation. Words "carriage, horse, driver or", "car, steamboat", and "or vessel" were omitted as covered by "any carrier or conveyance". The punishment provision is derived from said section 324 rather than from section 325 which provided only a fine of not more than $100 and related only to ferrymen. AMENDMENTS 1994 - Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $100". -SECREF- SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in title 39 section 1008. -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1702 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 83 - POSTAL SERVICE -HEAD- Sec. 1702. Obstruction of correspondence -STATUTE- Whoever takes any letter, postal card, or package out of any post office or any authorized depository for mail matter, or from any letter or mail carrier, or which has been in any post office or authorized depository, or in the custody of any letter or mail carrier, before it has been delivered to the person to whom it was directed, with design to obstruct the correspondence, or to pry into the business or secrets of another, or opens, secretes, embezzles, or destroys the same, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. -SOURCE- (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 778; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(I), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Sec. 317 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, Sec. 194, 35 Stat. 1125; Feb. 25, 1925, ch. 318, 43 Stat. 977; Aug. 26, 1935, ch. 693, 49 Stat. 867; Aug. 7, 1939, ch. 557, 53 Stat. 1256). Section 317 of said title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., was incorporated in this and section 1708 of this title. Minor changes were made in phraseology. AMENDMENTS 1994 - Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $2,000". -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1703 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 83 - POSTAL SERVICE -HEAD- Sec. 1703. Delay or destruction of mail or newspapers -STATUTE- (a) Whoever, being a Postal Service officer or employee, unlawfully secretes, destroys, detains, delays, or opens any letter, postal card, package, bag, or mail entrusted to him or which shall come into his possession, and which was intended to be conveyed by mail, or carried or delivered by any carrier or other employee of the Postal Service, or forwarded through or delivered from any post office or station thereof established by authority of the Postmaster General or the Postal Service, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. (b) Whoever, being a Postal Service officer or employee, improperly detains, delays, or destroys any newspaper, or permits any other person to detain, delay, or destroy the same, or opens, or permits any other person to open, any mail or package of newspapers not directed to the office where he is employed; or Whoever, without authority, opens, or destroys any mail or package of newspapers not directed to him, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. -SOURCE- (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 778; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, Sec. 37, 63 Stat. 95; Pub. L. 91-375, Sec. 6(j)(16), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 778; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(B), (G), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2146, 2147.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES 1948 ACT Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Secs. 318, 319 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, Secs. 195, 196, 35 Stat. 1125, 1126). Section consolidated sections 318 and 319 of said title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed. The embezzlement and theft provisions of each were incorporated in sections 1709 and 1710 of this title. Minor changes were made in phraseology. 1949 ACT This section [section 37] corrects typographical errors in section 1703 of title 18, U.S.C. AMENDMENTS 1994 - Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $500" in subsec. (a) and "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $100" in last par. 1970 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 91-375, Sec. 6(j)(16)(A), amended subsec. (a) generally, which prior to amendment read as follows: "Whoever, being a postmaster or Postal Service employee, unlawfully detains, delays, or opens any letter, postal card, package, bag, or mail intrusted to him or which shall come into his possession, and which was intended to be conveyed by mail, or carried or delivered by any carrier or other employee of the Postal Service, or forwarded through or delivered from any post office or station thereof established by authority of the Postmaster General; or secretes, or destroys any such letter, postal card, package, bag, or mail, shall be fined not more than $500 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both." Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 91-375, Sec. 6(j)(16)(B), substituted "Postal Service officer or employee" for "postmaster or Postal Service employee". 1949 - Subsec. (a). Act May 24, 1949, Sec. 37(a), substituted "secretes" for "secrets". Subsec. (b). Act May 24, 1949, Sec. 37(b), substituted "newspapers" for "newspaper". EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1970 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 91-375 effective within 1 year after Aug. 12, 1970, on date established therefor by Board of Governors of United States Postal Service and published by it in Federal Register, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91-375, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of Title 39, Postal Service. -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1704 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 83 - POSTAL SERVICE -HEAD- Sec. 1704. Keys or locks stolen or reproduced -STATUTE- Whoever steals, purloins, embezzles, or obtains by false pretense any key suited to any lock adopted by the Post Office Department or the Postal Service and in use on any of the mails or bags thereof, or any key to any lock box, lock drawer, or other authorized receptacle for the deposit or delivery of mail matter; or Whoever knowingly and unlawfully makes, forges, or counterfeits any such key, or possesses any such mail lock or key with the intent unlawfully or improperly to use, sell, or otherwise dispose of the same, or to cause the same to be unlawfully or improperly used, sold, or otherwise disposed of; or Whoever, being engaged as a contractor or otherwise in the manufacture of any such mail lock or key, delivers any finished or unfinished lock or the interior part thereof, or key, used or designed for use by the department, to any person not duly authorized under the hand of the Postmaster General and the seal of the Post Office Department or the Postal Service, to receive the same, unless the person receiving it is the contractor for furnishing the same or engaged in the manufacture thereof in the manner authorized by the contract, or the agent of such manufacturer - Shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both. -SOURCE- (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 778; Pub. L. 91-375, Sec. 6(j)(17), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 778; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(G), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147.) -MISC1- HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Sec. 314 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, Sec. 191, 35 Stat. 1125). Reference to persons aiding, causing or assisting was omitted. Such persons are principals under section 2 of this title. Mandatory punishment provision was rephrased in the alternative. Minor changes were made in phraseology. AMENDMENTS 1994 - Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $500" in last par. 1970 - Pub. L. 91-375 inserted "or the Postal Service" after "Post Office Department" in first and third pars. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1970 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 91-375 effective within 1 year after Aug. 12, 1970, on date established therefor by Board of Governors of United States Postal Service and published by it in Federal Register, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91-375, set out as an Effective Date note preceding section 101 of Title 39, Postal Service. -End- -CITE- 18 USC Sec. 1705 01/19/04 -EXPCITE- TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PART I - CRIMES CHAPTER 83 - POSTAL SERVICE -HEAD- Sec. 1705. Destruction of letter boxes or mail -STATUTE- Whoever willfully or maliciously injures, tears down or destroys any letter box or other receptacle intended or used for the receipt or delivery of mail on any mail route, or breaks open the same or willfully or ma

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